Report · Experts to the Senate on Box 3
Full editorial report of the May 19 hearing: positions per speaker, the academic/stakeholder fault line, and four scenarios for further treatment with probability estimates and triggers.
Read moreActual-Return Act · Box 3 · 2028
A tax on wealth you do not yet have.
From 2028 you no longer pay a deemed 5.88% return. Instead, you owe tax on the actual annual growth of your wealth — every year, sale or no sale.
Rate 202836%on actual return
Tax-free capital€57,684per person
Projection horizon30 yearsdefault scenario
PortfolioCumulative tax
Dossier
All updates →Latest updates
Eerste Kamer expert hearings concluded
Block 1 split among academics: Jacobs and Van den Dool defended the bill; Heithuis urged withdrawal; Essers called it 'a tragedy of missed opportunities'; NOB warned about implementation complexity. Block 2 uniformly critical: VNO-NCW prefers a capital-gains tax; Vastgoed Belang announced litigation; Van Lanschot Kempen flagged liquidity risk; Dutch Startup Association reported 40% of funded start-ups consider leaving. Next: second written round on May 26.
Eerste Kamer procedural meeting after NnavV
The Senate Finance Committee discusses next steps for bill 36748 now that the government's nota naar aanleiding van het verslag has been received. The meeting decides whether the Senate waits for the novelle or proceeds to substantive debate.
Comparison
What's changing?
From deemed returns to actual returns
Before — through 2027
Current system (before 2028)
- 01Deemed returns: the tax office assumes a fixed percentage
- 021.44% on savings, 5.88% on investments
- 03Tax-free capital: €57,684 per person
- 04You may pay tax on gains you never actually made
After — from 2028
New system (from 2028)
- 01Actual returns: tax on what you really earned
- 02Flat rate of 36% on actual returns
- 03Tax-free allowance of €1,800 per person
- 04Two categories: capital growth tax & capital gains tax
Chronology · 2021 → 2028
Timeline
- 2021
Cabinet initiates investigation into actual return taxation
- 2022
Planning document submitted to Parliament
- 2023
Public internet consultation
- 2024
Postponed from 2027 to 2028 (Tax Authority ICT modernization)
- 2025
Bill approved by House of Representatives
- 2026
Under review by Senate Finance Committee
- 2028
Law takes effect (January 1, 2028)